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    Redes neuronales para el análisis de variables de la fluctuación laboral
    El fenómeno de la satisfacción laboral genera altos costos para las organizaciones, ya que tiene un impacto en los procesos de selección, capacitación y motivación de sus recursos humanos, al tiempo que afecta la productividad y la calidad, e incluso afecta la lealtad de los clientes. Por este motivo, la previsión o el control del comportamiento de la rotación de personal son de gran importancia para una empresa. Aunque predecir el comportamiento de la rotación es una intención casi imposible debido al número de variables que condicionan este comportamiento. El objetivo de esta investigación fue tratar de identificar, mediante el uso del análisis de redes neuronales, qué variables internas de la organización, de naturaleza objetiva, de naturaleza demográfica y asociadas con sus recursos humanos, mostraron una relación o incidencia en la rotación de los empleados. Con este propósito, se analizaron las bases de datos sobre el comportamiento de rotación del personal en organizaciones empresariales con diferentes características. El análisis a través de redes neuronales permitió establecer una relación significativa entre variables tales como: ingreso promedio, nivel escolar y edad; Asimismo, no se encontraron diferencias significativas en otras variables, como el tipo de sector, los años de experiencia en el sector, los años de trabajo en el puesto o los años de trabajo, la posición jerárquica ocupada en la organización y el número de dependientes.
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    Perceived Importance vs Performance in Dental Care: Exploring Patient Satisfaction Across Age, Gender, and Purchasing Power
    Introduction: Patient satisfaction is a key indicator of healthcare quality, particularly in dental services, where both clinical and non-clinical factors shape perceptions of care. This study aims to investigate the impact of demographic variables—specifically age, gender, and purchasing power—on patient satisfaction with dental services in Quito, Ecuador. Methods: A sample of 485 patients was surveyed using a modified SERVPERF model combined with an attribute matrix. The instrument captured the perceived importance and satisfaction associated with 14 service attributes. Stratified random sampling was applied based on age, gender, and purchasing power. Satisfaction indices were calculated, and differences among groups were analyzed using the chi-square test. Results: Age was the only variable with a statistically significant impact on patient satisfaction (p < 0.05), whereas gender and purchasing power showed no significant differences. Professionalism, quality, and empathy were rated as the most essential attributes across all groups. Interestingly, attributes considered less important—such as waiting time and payment methods—received higher satisfaction scores. The attribute matrix revealed that critical attributes (important but underperforming) differed mainly by age group. The highest satisfaction scores were observed among patients under 25, while the lowest were reported among those aged 40 to 60 and in lower-income groups. Discussion: Findings highlight the relevance of age-sensitive strategies in dental care and underscore a potential misalignment between what patients value most and what they rate most positively. The combined SERVPERF and attribute matrix approach proved effective for generating actionable insights. Further research in diverse contexts is needed to validate these findings.
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    Gestión por Competencias Laborales en el Contexto del Proceso de Cambios Políticos y Económicos en Cuba
    (Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 2017-10-01) ; ;
    Javier Moreno Lázaro
    <jats:p>Los cambios políticos y económicos en Cuba, entre 1989 y el 2016, han tenido una incidencia significativa en las relaciones laborales y la gestión de capital humano, ocasionando desajustes gerenciales, económicos y tecnológicos importantes en esta y otras áreas de las organizaciones cubanas. El objetivo de este artículo radica en diseñar un modelo para el desarrollo integrado de competencias laborales y las herramientas necesarias para su aplicación, que integre sus procesos centrales con los perfiles de competencias y contribuya a elevar el desempeño de los trabajadores de las empresas en el complejo contexto analizado. Como parte del análisis de las variables potenciales que participan en el constructo multivariado de la gestión por competencias, se utilizó un procedimiento para el análisis de consenso sobre variables participantes en un modelo teórico. Los aportes se reflejan en el modelo teórico diseñado, partiendo de las cuatro dimensiones identificadas, que se distingue por la integración de las principales corrientes en el estudio de las competencias y el diseño de un sistema de gestión de capital humano basado en este enfoque, haciendo uso además del enfoque de sistemas, el holístico y el estratégico de la dirección, proporcionando las herramientas técnicamente fundamentadas para el desarrollo de competencias. Además, los instrumentos para el cálculo de indicadores reflejan un mejoramiento en la perspectiva del trabajador, destacándose el nivel de competencia y el nivel de desarrollo de competencias, con una incidencia favorable en los resultados globales de la entidad estudiada.</jats:p>
    Scopus© Citations 9
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    Scopus© Citations 1
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    Managing Physical and Market Constraints to Make Investment Decision: A Methodological Proposal Programmed in MATLAB
    <jats:p> The need to seek a balance between installed capacities and demand is an imperative for all companies. To respond to this demand, various proposals have been formulated, among which the Theory of Constraints stands out, although the application of these methodologies is always limited by financial availability. This research shows the results of the application of a methodological proposal applied in a pharmaceutical laboratory that allows managing the increase in physical or market constraints, as appropriate, also considering the incidence of capacities in supply chain management. To achieve the proposed objective, programming in MATLAB R2019a is used. The systematic application of the methodology allowed an optimal use of financial availability, an increase in the capacity utilization and an increase in the profits generated during the process. </jats:p>
    Scopus© Citations 1
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    Facing post COVID-19 era, what is really important for Ecuadorian SMEs?
    <jats:p> Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have to face the time post COVID-19. The pandemic impacted the SMEs with great force worsening the well-known situation of lack of resources and its tendency to disappear in the very early years of existence. This systemic crisis jeopardizes SMEs in many ways and it is necessary to find ways to emerge and survive from this crisis. This manuscript conducts a literature study on more than 100 manuscripts that present recommendations from McKinsey &amp; Company for SMEs to face post-pandemic time. Through the application of the entropy-weight coefficient method this paper finds priorities from Ecuadorian SMEs out of essential elements proposed at the literature review, to introducing at the managing process to face post COVID-19 era. </jats:p>
    Scopus© Citations 18
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    Convolutional Neural Networks for Automated and Non Intrusive Measurement of Customer Satisfaction in Restaurants
    Customer satisfaction (CS) is a cornerstone of competitiveness in the hospitality sector, particularly in restaurants, where service interactions are highly sensory and time-sensitive. Traditional measurement instruments, such as SERVQUAL, SERVPERF, and the American Customer Satisfaction Index, provide valuable diagnostic insights but remain limited by recall bias, social desirability, and delayed feedback. Advances in deep learning now enable non-intrusive, real-time monitoring of customer experience. This study evaluates the feasibility of using a convolutional neural network (CNN) to automatically classify customer satisfaction based on facial expressions captured at the point of payment in a restaurant. From an initial dataset of over 5000 images, 2969 were validated and labeled through a binary self-report mechanism. The CNN, implemented with transfer learning (MobileNetV2), achieved robust performance, with 93.5% accuracy, 92.8% recall, 91.0% F1-score, and an area under the ROC curve of 0.93. Comparative benchmarks with Support Vector Machine and Random Forest classifiers confirmed the superiority of the CNN across all metrics. The findings highlight CNNs as reliable and scalable tools for continuous CS monitoring, complementing rather than replacing classical survey-based approaches. By integrating implicit, real-time signals with traditional instruments, restaurants can strengthen decision-making, enhance service quality, and co-create personalized experiences while addressing challenges of explainability, external validity, and data ethics.
    Scopus© Citations 3
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    Unlocking the power of investment decision making with MATLAB: A cutting-edge method for optimizing capacities
    <jats:p>Purpose: The aim of this research was to present a method that would allow responding to both interests in a staggered and proportional way, in correspondence with existing financial availability.&#x0D; Design/Methodology/Approach: This research shows the results of the application of a methodological proposal programmed in MATLAB, which provided a solution to the described problem.&#x0D; Findings: The application was carried out in a small company, which has three fundamental products, and allowed to optimize the use of the available capital, increasing both the installed capacities and the potential demand for the products offered.&#x0D; Conclusion: It is possible to define an investment strategy that, based on the existence of an amount of financial availability, alternates the investment in the limiting capacity or the commercialization actions in correspondence with what is the limitation of the organization, which can be a limitation of capacity or market. This favors a systematic increase in the utility of the organization.&#x0D; Practical Implications: An analysis algorithm is developed that can serve as a guide for businessmen to design investment strategies aimed at increasing demand or capacity restrictions, as the case may be, based on financial availability and contributing to the systematic increase in the utility of the organization under study.&#x0D; Contribution to Literature: A method is presented that combines the analysis of capacity restrictions with those of demand restrictions, an aspect that is generally addressed in the literature independently.</jats:p>
    Scopus© Citations 1