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Proyecto SARTRE. ¿Una conducción autónoma o reducción de la contaminación ambiental?
(Universidad Internacional del Ecuador, 2018-06-27)
Marco Vinicio Noroña Merchan
;
Luis Xavier Orbea Hinojosa
;
Edwin Giovanny Puente Moromenacho
;
Cristhian Alexander Guano Calvache
En la actualidad no es novedad el poder hablar sobre vehículos con sistemas de conducción autónoma. Hoy en día el campo automotriz en sus diferentes marcas de vehículos a desarrollado diferentes niveles y formas de conducción autónoma que van desde la necesidad (con conductor) hasta la no necesidad de control del vehículo (conductor que limite a que el vehículo cumpla con sus necesidades). Es decir, la conducción desde el nivel 0 hasta la conducción realizada mediante dispositivos electrónicos como el teléfono celular. La compañía automotriz Volvo en el año 2011 presento el Proyecto “SARTRE” (SAfe Road TRain for the Environment – Trenes de Carretera Seguros para el Medio Ambiente) la cual pretende que sin cambios de infraestructura en las vías y con mínimas modificaciones en los actuales modelos de vehículos se los dote de avanzados sistemas de seguridad para lograr una conducción segura y eficiente. En el presente artículo se analizará si el Proyecto SARTRE es una manera más hacia la conducción autónoma o se enfoca a la reducción de la contaminación ambiental.
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The International Human Resources Management Policies for the Development of the International Hotels’ Organizational Learning Capability in Algeria
(Richtmann Publishing, 2015-12-10)
Khadra Dahou
;
Ishaq Hacini
Facing a globalized hyper-competitive economic environment and by necessity of becoming learning organizations, the importance of organizational learning (OL) has incredibly increased in multinational companies (MNCs) than those operating locally. The OL has become a distinctive competency that enables them invest successfully and compete overseas where they have to adjust their strategic choices to those regions in which they want to operate; especially in a newly emergent market of Algeria. In the other hand, managing a workforce of cultural diversity requires putting in place a clear strongly sophisticated policy; and having an international management cadre facilitate the mission of the MNCs in the different international settings. This research explores the extent to which the human resources management policies of the international hotels, installed in Algeria, affect the development of the organizational learning capability. The expatriates within those international hotels were asked to respond to the research survey. Results demonstrate a real positive significant effect of the international human resources management policies on the development of the organizational learning capability within international hotels installed in Algeria. In addition to the major role of the organizational learning capability in the strategic management and performance of the international hotels, applying the right international human resources strategies will yield sustainable international hotels competitive edge, mainly because of the sophistication of their services. They have to develop a cadre of top management with an international experience and capable to succeed in do business overseas and deal with and adapt to the different economic and cultural conditions of the host countries. This research may be first of kind in exploring the theme of organizational learning within MNCs, in an Arab developing country; specifically, the unique in studying the emergent promising Algerian sector of hospitality.
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Structure of the Variables that Affect Job Satisfaction Study in Cuban Organizations
(Inovatus Usluge d.o.o., 2018)
Margarita de Miguel-Guzmán
;
Alexander Sánchez-Rodríguez
;
Reyner Pérez-Campdesuñer
;
Gelmar García-Vidal
;
Rodobaldo Martínez-Vivar
This paper aims to establish a model of structural equations that summarizes the degree of incidence of variables related to job satisfaction in organizations. It starts from the identification of the variables to analyze according to the literature on the subject and those that were corroborated through the consultation of experts, later proceed to the construction of instruments for their measurement and application of these to 4,235 employees in 150 entities from different productive sectors. With the results obtained in the surveys, a confirmatory factor analysis was developed, which verified the incidence of the variables evaluated in the work satisfaction and later proceeded to the construction of the model. The model obtained shows the relationship between the different variables that affect job satisfaction and confirming its multifactorial character as a construct. The data that facilitated the generation of the model allow to establish a logic of management of the job satisfaction from managing in an integrated way the latent variables that condition them, ensuring their correct management, such as: the design of work content, working conditions, interpersonal relationships with peers in general and with managers in particular, policies and methods of stimulation and the group work.
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Contributions to the planning of human resources in the territorial level
(Inderscience Publishers, 2018)
GARCIA VIDAL, GELMAR
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PEREZ CAMPDESUÑER, REYNER FRANCISCO
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MARTÍNEZ VIVAR, RODOBALDO
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Clara E. Marrero Fornaris
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SANCHEZ RODRIGUEZ, ALEXANDER
Purpose: The objective of the present research is to design and apply a methodology to evaluate the logistics system in the transportation process in a base vehicle fleet, which contributes to decrease the costs of distribution and to increase the performance of the logistics system of the organization. Design/methodology: The proposal of a holistic technology for the management of this process is carried out, which integrates indicators and tools that improve control and decision-making activities in this area. Findings: The application of the procedure developed in the selected organization contributed to the identification of deficiencies related to the availability of the equipment and the needs of the clients, the low technical availability of the automotive plant, the low utilization of the capacity of the freight vehicles, the absence of a plan of measures to diminish the empty routes of the transport and the overconsumption of fuel due to the accomplishment of extra trips. Aspects that contributed to the redesign of some of the main functions of physical distribution such as itinerary planning, selection of means of transport and analysis of operating indicators, aspects that favored the optimization of the number of trips and, consequently, the adequate use of the equipment and the loads to be transported, observing a saving of 15% in the fuel consumption per load transported. Originality: The originality of the present research lies in the combination of different theories and techniques that contribute from a holistic approach to the logistics evaluation of the transportation process, facilitating the optimization of transportation requirements, its operation and maintenance.
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Fertilization and production of grasses of the genus pennisetum in Santo Domingo, Ecuador
(2018)
Goyes-Vera, F.R.
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Martínez-González, J.C.
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Saquicela-Rojas, R.A.
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Catota-Gómez, L.D.
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Acosta-Jácome, M.V.
The present research contributes to the efficient nutrient management to pastures, and to the efficient use of cutting grasses in animal feed. In order to evaluate the productive performance of four genotypes of grass of genus Pennisetum (Common Elephant; King grass; Camerún; y Maralfalfa.) and the effect of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S fertilization, an experiment was conducted on the experimental farm "El Oasis", from the Universidad Tecnológica Equinoccial. The design was used were random blocks with factorial accordance of the genotypes of grass (factor A) and fertilization (factor B) treatments. The variables that were analyzed were: total dry matter (MSt), partial factor productivity (FPP), leaf-stem relationship and age of cutting. The Common Elephant grass presented the highest production of MSt and MS of stems with 14.8 and 9.0 t ha-1, respectively (P < 0.05). The fertilization without N presented the lowest yields (P < 0.05) of MSt. Common Elephant and King grass showed the highest and the lowest FPP, respectively (P < 0.05). There were no differences (P > 0.05) due to the omission of nutrients in the leaf:stem relationship in the dry plant. The fertilization without Mg and the complete underground fertilization, each one showed the highest reduction (P < 0.05) on production of MS stems in the 120 d sampling. It is concluded that Common Elephant was the genotype least affected by the omission of nutrients in the accumulated production of MS and FPP.
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Applying lean manufacturing in the production process of rolling doors: A case study
(2018)
Lorente Leyva, L.L.
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Yerovi Huaca, M.A.
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Santos, Y.M.
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Saraguro Piarpuezan, R.V.
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Herrera Granda, I.D.
The lean manufacturing seeks to ensure the quality of the service and the supplier's products by the companies that implement this methodology, through the improvement of the research environment and the elimination of the classic wastes present in any process. The research was developed in a metalworking company which presents as main problem the delay in the delivery of the finished product (rolling doors), generating complaints and nonconformities. For this reason, the need arises to make a proposal for improvement in its production process which allows to reduce the delivery time of the product to its customers and to guarantee its efficiency and productivity, using the tools and techniques of lean manufacturing. The methodology assumed in the study, corresponds to the philosophy of lean thinking to develop an improvement proposal where the following tools were used: value stream mapping, 9'S, single minute exchange of die, total productive maintenance, Kanban which provided the following possible results: total production process time would improve by 6.10%, value added time by 2.13%. The production increases from 24-26 doors per month, giving an improvement of 7.4% and mainly, the delivery time would decrease 590-554 min with a reduction of 6.10%, all these results lead to faster and more efficient deliveries to the customer. A case study was carried out in the metalworking company in Ibarra, Ecuador. The results also indicate that lean thinking contribute substantially to the operating performance of company is decreased about 7% of the time in operational performance.
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Circulating Strains of Brucella abortus in Cattle in Santo Domingo De Los TsÃ¡chilas Province â€“ Ecuador
(Frontiers Media SA, 2015-03-10)
Richar Ivan Rodríguez-Hidalgo
;
Javier Contreras-Zamora
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Washington Benitez Ortiz
;
Karina Guerrero-Viracocha
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SALCAN GUAMAN, HOLGER CRISTÓBAL
The Province of Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas in Ecuador represents the largest informal cattle market. Because of its strategic position, cattle movement is very high and therefore we selected this region, to determine the strain variation of Brucella sp. Part of the study aimed at the isolation, biotyping, and genotyping of Brucella species from milk and supra-mammary lymph nodes of sero-positive bovines, using selective Farrell medium, biochemical assays, and IS711-PCR, AMOS-PCR, and HOOF-Prints techniques. In total, 656 animals from 12 sero-positive dairy herds and from the provincial slaughterhouse were diagnosed by Rose Bengal and Wright's Slow Agglutination test with EDTA. Amongst these animals, 50 animals were sero-positive for brucellosis. Twenty-five lymph nodes and 25 milk samples from each group of positive reactors were transferred to culture medium. Isolation was possible from 4 (16%) lymph nodes and 9 (36%) milk samples; out of these, 10 isolates were diagnosed as Brucella sp. All four isolates of lymphatic tissue corresponded to Brucella abortus biotype 1, confirmed as field strains by molecular analysis. Milk isolations, showed biochemically a more dispersed pattern in which B. abortus biotypes 1 and 4 were found; yet four samples gave a pattern similar to B. abortus biotype 2; however, only biotypes 1 and 4 were confirmed by molecular analysis. The concordance between biochemical and molecular diagnostic tests reached 76.9%.
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Effect of Partially Protected Sodium Butyrate on Performance, Digestive Organs, Intestinal Villi and E. coli Development in Broilers Chickens
(Science Alert, 2014-06-15)
F. Chamba
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M. Puyalto
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A. Ortiz
;
H. Torrealba
;
J.J. Mallo
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of partially protected sodium butyrate (PSB) onperformance, digestive organs, intestinal villi and E. coli development in broilers chickens. Nine hundredtwenty four one-day-old mixed Cobb chicks were divided in 3 treatments with 7 replicates each in a®randomized block design. Treatment T1 was a control diet without any growth promoter, treatment T2 wasthe control diet plus colistin at 100,000 IU/kgBW and treatment T3 was the control diet with PSB at 700 ppm.Chicks were fed in mash form for 3 phases: starter (1-14 days), grower (15-28 days) and finisher (29-42days). There were no significant differences on performance among all treatments in starter phase. Chicksfed PSB in grower and finisher phases had the highest weight gain and the best feed conversion ratio.Relative digestive organs weights were not affected by treatment in any phase. Jejunum and small intestinerelative lengths of birds fed PSB and colistin at 14 days were longer than those of birds fed control diet.Jejunal villi of birds fed PSB and colistin at 42 days were higher than those in birds fed the control diet.Colistin produced the deepest crypts and the lowest villi height/crypt depth ratios in all intestinal segmentsat 14 days. Intestinal E. coli growth was not affected by any treatment. These data indicate that partiallyprotected sodium butyrate and colistin improves performance, colistin as an antibiotic growth promoter andPSB by improving intestinal villi development in broilers chickens.
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Incorporating the Cultural and Decisions Factors in Multi-objective Optimization of Air Conditioning Conduit Design Process
(Springer International Publishing, 2017-06-23)
CORDOVES GARCIA, ALEXIS
;
José Arzola-Ruiz
;
Umer Asgher
Various engineering designs are multi-objective as they contain more than one design goal to be optimized. These design goals theoretically inflict differing requirements on the technical performance of system design. To analyze the trade-offs amongst conflicting design’s multi-objectives and to explore respective design options, an optimization problem with multi objectives has been mathematically modeled in this paper. In the present work, multi-objective optimization of air conditioning conduits and nets design is formulated. The design factors also consider the cultural as well as quantifiable, subjective ergonomics constraints and control decision-making factors. The cultural constraints, such as geographical, historical, sociological, and organizational constraints that determine the efficiency of the design of these nets are also incorporated in the objective function. This is reproduced during the option of filtration and selection from the solutions population generated at the locals and other levels, in which influences of cultural factor and of the decisions making factors are reflected in the subjective preferences.
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Contingency theory to study leadership styles of small businesses owner-managers at Santo Domingo, Ecuador
(SAGE Publications, 2017-01-01)
GARCIA VIDAL, GELMAR
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PEREZ CAMPDESUÑER, REYNER FRANCISCO
;
SANCHEZ RODRIGUEZ, ALEXANDER
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MARTÍNEZ VIVAR, RODOBALDO
The study provides a discussion about the leadership style of small businesses owner-managers at Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas, Ecuador, supported on contingency theory of leadership. And adaptation of Hershey and Blanchard questionnaire was made in order to make it clear to the target population. A total of 175 owner-managers of small businesses and 1218 employees comprised the respondents of the study. The perception of leadership style of owner-managers and employees, style range, and style adaptability and perception of the maturity degree of employees were the variables involved in the hypotheses raised. In spite of totally or partially proving the hypothesis raised, findings of the study revealed mixed support to the theory which impedes giving clear recommendations about how to behave in certain organizational situations in the context of small Ecuadorian businesses. Results of the study caution owner-managers of small businesses to consider carefully the way they behave in certain situation to the enrichment of employee motivation toward work with the purpose to obtain a better performance of their enterprises; but should avoid assuming that there are more or less appropriate leader behaviors based on the results of this research. The study constitutes a starting point to focus the research related to leadership style in small companies, considering the preponderance of this type of business in the economy of Ecuador.

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