Babaco is a fast-growing herbaceous shrub with great commercial potential because of the organoleptic properties of its fruit. Babaco mosaic virus (BabMV) is a potexvirus in the family Alphaflexiviridae affecting babaco in all the provinces that produce this crop in Ecuador. BabMV was recently described but it has been affecting babaco for decades and, since many potexviruses are serologically indistinguishable, it may have been previously misidentified as papaya mosaic virus. Based on the coat protein (CP) gene, we aimed to study the distribution and epidemiological patterns of BabMV in babaco and chamburo over the years and to model its three-dimensional structure. Sequences of the CP were obtained from thirty-six isolates from plants collected in the main babaco-producing provinces of Ecuador between 2016 and 2021. The evolution rate of BabMV was estimated at 1.21 × 10−3 nucleotide substitutions site−1 year−1 and a time of origin of the most recent common ancestor around 1958.80. From molecular dynamics simulations, compared to other proteins of BabMV—RDRP, TGB1, and Alkb domain—the CP exhibited a higher flexibility with the C and N terminals as the most flexible regions. The reconstructed viral distribution provides dispersion patterns which have implications for control approaches of BabMV.

Solar radiation is essential for life on Earth. When it reaches our planet, a portion is absorbed by the Earth’s surface and oceans, generating heat and giving rise to the climate patterns we know. Another portion of this radiation is reflected into space, providing important information about our planet’s surfaces. Using greenhouse gas sensors installed on nanosatellites in LEO orbits can help detect and mitigate this current problem. This paper presents the design and simulation of a system that can be coupled to the subsystems of a 3U CubeSat nanosatellite. The results demonstrate that it is feasible and functional.

Augmented reality systems are currently present in multiple sectors, such as medicine, architecture, education, and entertainment. These systems enhance user interactivity when receiving information. This article describes the design and implementation of a robust augmented reality system for the “Gustavo Orcés” Natural History Museum. The proposed system uses a camera to detect people in the image using the Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) technique and a Support Vector Machine (SVM) to determine whether the image corresponds to a person or not. To increase the robustness of the system in activating augmented reality with users, PIR sensors are integrated, and a presence sensor controlled by an Atmega164p microcontroller is designed. An augmented reality application developed in Unity 3D displays interactive 3D models of dinosaurs on a screen, which is activated upon detecting museum visitors, thus providing interactivity and education on paleontology. Tests were conducted on the system to verify its response to changes in lighting and the number of users.

Objetivo: Evaluar críticamente la calidad metodológica de la Guía de Práctica Clínica para malaria de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Metodología: Tres revisores de forma independiente utilizaron el instrumento AGREE II para evaluar la calidad metodológica de la Guía de Práctica Clínica para malaria. Las calificaciones fueron recogidas y analizadas en una matriz de EXCEL. Se utilizó el coeficiente de concordancia de Fleiss Kappa para determinar la medida de acuerdo entre los evaluadores. Resultados: La Guía de Práctica Clínica (GPC) destacó en claridad, objetivos, y participación de los implicados, pero identificó áreas de mejora en rigor de elaboración y aplicabilidad. Con puntuaciones altas en la mayoría de los dominios y una buena gestión de la independencia editorial, se recomienda su uso a pesar de los desafíos en implementación práctica. Conclusiones: La evaluación AGREE II de la Guía de la OMS para malaria 2022 destaca su calidad y claridad, pero señala áreas de mejora en metodología y aplicabilidad. Subraya la necesidad de adaptación local y colaboración para actualizar continuamente las recomendaciones.

En este trabajo, procedemos al estudio y análisis de un modelo que facilita la evaluación y predicción de indicadores financieros y de gestión de pymes. El modelo se basa en el uso de Redes Neuronales Artificiales (RNA) como herramienta de minería de datos que, con base en los estados financieros, contribuye a la evaluación y previsión de indicadores de liquidez, endeudamiento, rendimiento, eficiencia y rentabilidad, siguiendo el sistema DuPont. El objetivo del trabajo es evaluar y prever la situación financiera de las pymes para una adecuada toma de decisiones de gestión en las organizaciones. El modelo se centra en dos fases interrelacionadas: la fase de estimación-diagnóstico y la fase de previsión. Las conclusiones muestran la viabilidad predictiva del uso de redes neuronales para indicadores financieros.

Jackfruit is an exotic fruit that has aroused interest due to its size and nutritional potential. Therefore, this study aimed to quantify the physicochemical properties of pulp, seeds, peel, and leaves of Artocarpus heterophyllus. The fruit was collected at three stages of maturity (M1, immature; M2, physiological maturity; and M3, commercial maturity) and left at two sets of vegetative development (NL, new; OL, old). Weight, size, soluble solids, pH, titratable acidity, moisture, ash, phenolics, carotenoids, organic acids, saponins, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity were determined. Bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity were used in a solution obtained by microextraction, and quantification was performed using spectrophotometric methods in microplates. The results showed a high concentration of total phenolics in the leaves (50.78 mg GAE 100 g−1 DW in M1) and carotenoid in the pulp of M3 (316.8 mg β-carotene 100 g−1 DW). At the same time, malic acid was mainly found in the pulp (3,077.7 mg 100 g−1 DW in M1), saponins in the leaves (11.3% in NL), and antioxidant activity in the pulp and seeds of M1 (3.8 and 4.2 mmol TE g-1 DW, respectively) and M2 (4.0 and 4.3 mmol TE g−1 DW, respectively). In turn, leaves showed inhibition of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus mutans, and Staphylococcus aureus. These results highlight the diversity and relevance of chemical constituents in different parts of jackfruit and their potential benefits for human health, including the leaves, seeds, and shells.

El objetivo de la presente investigación es determinar el impacto que tienen las operaciones en los determinantes (utilidades, ventas y número de trabajadores) de las micro y pequeñas empresas (mypes) familiares (EF) y no familiares (ENF). Se presenta un estudio cuantitativo causal y de diferencias de medios para determinar el impacto que tienen las estrategias operativas sobre los determinantes de las mypes. Se realizó un muestreo aleatorio simple de 421 directivos que gestionan entre 1 y 50 empleados en Benito Juárez, Quintana Roo, México. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario durante los meses de enero a marzo de 2024. Se comprobó la hipótesis planteada en el estudio y se encontró que el desarrollo de la innovación (DI) presenta la mayor valoración (0.217) con los factores determinantes (FD) y el mayor impacto (0.42055). Además, se comprobó que no hay diferencias significativas en las estrategias operativas sobre el desempeño económico entre las mypes familiares y no familiares.