Purpose: The objective of the research was aimed at achieving the implementation of the theory of constraints on the operating conditions of a hotel, which differs by its characteristics of traditional processes that have applied this method, from the great heterogeneity of resources needed to meet the demand of customers.Design/methodology/approach: To achieve this purpose, a method of generating conversion equations that allowed to express all the resources of the organization under study depending on the number of customers to serve facilitating comparison between different resources and estimated demand through techniques developed traditional forecasting, these features were integrated into the classical methodology of theory of constraints.Findings: The application of tools designed for hospitality organizations allowed to demonstrate the applicability of the theory of constraints on entities under conditions different from the usual, develop a set of conversion equations of different resources facilitating comparison with demand and consequently achieve improve levels of efficiency and effectiveness of the organization.Originality/value: The originality of the research is summarized in the application of the theory of constraints in a very different from the usual conditions, covering 100% of the processes and resources in hospitality organizations.

Purpose: This investigation is based on the theoretical analysis of the application of neural networks to the design and manage supply chains, along with an empirical approach, this investigation its developed with the prediction of the level of integration in the supply chain through neural networks.Design/methodology/approach: The methodology designed and used for the processing of data was the instruction of a neural network wich is used to predict the level of integration in a supply chain. This type of predictive application appears in the literature reviewed on supply chains. This analysis was carried out in a comparative way with the heterogeneous and homogeneous weights of the neuron training.Findings: The main results of this research focus on predicting the level of integration in the supply chain from the neoronal network. This provides a coached neuron that can be applied in other studies and, therefore, predict the outcome. On the other hand, it is shown that if the weights of the integration level variables are not homogeneous, the procedure presents different results depending on the context in which it is developed.Research limitations/implications: Among the limitations of the implementation of neural networks it should be noted, the necessary adaptation to the characteristics of the supply chains and the areas of performance of the business organizations under study, in the framework of activities productive or service itself, in addition to analyzing its corporate purpose in relation to the satisfaction of certain needs of the target markets.Originality/value: The literature shows multiple theoretical sources that refer to studies of neural networks in supply chains, observing the opportunity to apply this technique to predict the level of integration due to its benefits for decision making. The originality of this scientific work lies in the possibility of comparing the historical data of the level of integration and those predicted as a result of the coaching of the neuron with the weights of the heterogeneous and homogeneous variables.

The complete genome sequence of Alstroemeria necrotic streak virus (ANSV) isolated from the statice cut flower ( Limonium sinuatum ) is presented. The genome has the three characteristic segments of the genus Orthotospovirus , family Tospoviridae , the S segment (3,135 bp), the M segment (4,869 bp), and the L segment (8,755 bp).

In this work, we present the complete genome sequence of Lily symptomless virus isolated from Alstroemeria plants. The genome is 8,391-bp long, arranged into six open reading frames (ORFs), with a 5′-untranslated region (5′-UTR) of 55 nucleotides (nt) and a 3′-UTR of 48 nt.

The study provides a discussion about the leadership style of small businesses owner-managers at Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas, Ecuador, supported on contingency theory of leadership. And adaptation of Hershey and Blanchard questionnaire was made in order to make it clear to the target population. A total of 175 owner-managers of small businesses and 1218 employees comprised the respondents of the study. The perception of leadership style of owner-managers and employees, style range, and style adaptability and perception of the maturity degree of employees were the variables involved in the hypotheses raised. In spite of totally or partially proving the hypothesis raised, findings of the study revealed mixed support to the theory which impedes giving clear recommendations about how to behave in certain organizational situations in the context of small Ecuadorian businesses. Results of the study caution owner-managers of small businesses to consider carefully the way they behave in certain situation to the enrichment of employee motivation toward work with the purpose to obtain a better performance of their enterprises; but should avoid assuming that there are more or less appropriate leader behaviors based on the results of this research. The study constitutes a starting point to focus the research related to leadership style in small companies, considering the preponderance of this type of business in the economy of Ecuador.

Purpose: The objective of the present research is to design and apply a methodology to evaluate the logistics system in the transportation process in a base vehicle fleet, which contributes to decrease the costs of distribution and to increase the performance of the logistics system of the organization.Design/methodology: The proposal of a holistic technology for the management of this process is carried out, which integrates indicators and tools that improve control and decision-making activities in this area.Findings: The application of the procedure developed in the selected organization contributed to the identification of deficiencies related to the availability of the equipment and the needs of the clients, the low technical availability of the automotive plant, the low utilization of the capacity of the freight vehicles, the absence of a plan of measures to diminish the empty routes of the transport and the overconsumption of fuel due to the accomplishment of extra trips. Aspects that contributed to the redesign of some of the main functions of physical distribution such as itinerary planning, selection of means of transport and analysis of operating indicators, aspects that favored the optimization of the number of trips and, consequently, the adequate use of the equipment and the loads to be transported, observing a saving of 15% in the fuel consumption per load transported.Originality: The originality of the present research lies in the combination of different theories and techniques that contribute from a holistic approach to the logistics evaluation of the transportation process, facilitating the optimization of transportation requirements, its operation and maintenance.

The goal of this paper is to obtain an automated system for the control of the quality of the combustion gases of a boiler. The concentration of oxygen present in the combustion gases is detected by means of a lambda sensor, and a proportional PID controller automatically regulates, through an actuator, the air inlet to the boiler, thus ensuring the emission of CO2 and other polluting gases into the atmosphere within the parameters established by the current environmental regulations. The control system has an HMI display and a modular PLC. The results achieved also ensure the reduction of fuel consumption of the boiler.