PÉREZ TASIGCHANA, RAÚL FRANCISCO

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Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in Ecuador: A test-negative design
(Elsevier BV, 2023-12)
PEREZ TASIGCHANA, RAUL FRANCISCO
;
Ivette Valcárcel-Pérez
;
Maribel Arias-Quispe
;
Lucía Astudillo
;
Alfredo Bruno
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Combined Impact of Traditional and Nontraditional Healthy Behaviors on Frailty and Disability: A Prospective Cohort Study of Older Adults
(Elsevier BV, 2020-05)
PEREZ TASIGCHANA, RAUL FRANCISCO
;
Helena Sandoval-Insausti
;
Carolina Donat-Vargas
;
Jose Ramón Banegas
;
Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo
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Despliegue de la vacunación contra COVID-19: experiencia en Ecuador
(Pan American Health Organization, 2025-08-01)
José Ruales
;
Ximena Garzón
;
Cristina Aldaz
;
Nancy Vásconez
;
Fernando Jácome
En Ecuador, la emergencia sanitaria por la COVID-19 requirió del completo esfuerzo del Estado para proporcionar vacunas seguras, eficaces y gratuitas. A inicios del 2022, el país alcanzó una amplia cobertura de vacunación lo que lo posicionó entre los países de las Américas con mayores logros en este tema. Para sistematizar y analizar las lecciones aprendidas de la introducción de la vacuna contra la COVID-19, el país y la Organización Panamericana de la Salud/Organización Mundial de la Salud (OPS/OMS) implementaron una evaluación interna durante la aplicación de las medidas adoptadas (EIDA), lo que expuso las enseñanzas extraídas y medidas correctivas para fortalecer el despliegue de la vacunación. Este artículo describe, a partir de la experiencia de sus autores y los resultados de la EIDA, la introducción de la vacunación en Ecuador, los mecanismos de respuesta oportuna, así como las dificultades enfrentadas para desplegar la vacunación de acuerdo con el plan nacional y conseguir los objetivos propuestos.
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Experiencias y desafíos de la Comisión nacional asesora de eventos supuestamente atribuibles a la vacunación o inmunización graves de Ecuador, 2020-2023
(Pan American Health Organization, 2024-12-16)
SIMANCAS RACINES, DANIEL ALEJANDRO
;
PARISE VASCO, JUAN MARCOS
;
Sebastián Baldeón-Espinosa
;
Rosa R. Aguinaga
;
Gabriela Vinueza-Valencia
Objective. To describe the experiences of the National Advisory Commission on Serious Events Supposedly Attributable to Vaccination or Immunization (ESAVI) implemented in Ecuador for the period 2020-2023. Method. A report analyzing the implementation, operations, and results of the National Advisory Commission on Serious ESAVI in Ecuador was prepared. A quantitative analysis of vaccination records was carried out, as well as a qualitative analysis based on expert interviews, reflecting the direct experiences and operational challenges faced by the members of the Commission. Results. Implementation of the Commission has allowed for the systematic recording and analysis of serious ESAVIs. Of 256 reported cases, 139 were analyzed: 59% were considered coincident events; 16.6%, unclassifiable; 6.5%, indeterminate; 5%, stress-related; 3.6% as events related to a programmatic error; and 9.4% as vaccine-related, which included allergic reactions, Guillain-Barré syndrome, and thrombosis, among others. The experts highlighted the need to improve staff training and technology infrastructure, and noted that the Commission played a crucial role in monitoring vaccine safety, as well as in increasing public confidence in vaccination processes. Conclusions. The National Advisory Commission has played an essential role in vaccine safety surveillance in Ecuador by ensuring reporting, causality analysis, and investigation of serious ESAVIs. Challenges were identified and will need to be addressed to maintain public trust in immunization programs.
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The Linkage Between Inflammation and the Progression of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
(MDPI AG, 2025-10-17)
Lucy Baldeón-Rojas
;
Valeria Alulema
;
Francisco Barrera-Guarderas
;
Diana Aguirre-Villacís
;
Cristina Cañadas-Herrera
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a chronic metabolic disorder in which inflammation plays a central role in its onset, progression, and complications. Identifying reliable biomarkers is essential to improve risk prediction, disease monitoring, and early intervention. A total of 169 Ecuadorian participants were stratified into four clinical groups: non-diabetic controls (NDC), controlled T2D (C-T2D), uncontrolled T2D (NC-T2D), and diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Circulating levels of cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α), adipokines (leptin, adiponectin), and PBMC-derived microRNAs (miR-146a, miR-155) were quantified. Associations with disease stage were evaluated using ROC curve analysis and logistic regression. Leptin showed the strongest association with T2D (OR = 13.76, 95% CI: 6.47–29.26), followed by IL-8 (OR = 6.73, 95% CI: 3.30–13.70) and IL-6 (OR = 4.43, 95% CI: 2.26–8.97). Adiponectin distinguished NC-T2D from DKD (OR = 4.15, 95% CI: 1.77–9.71), underscoring its potential as an indicator of renal complications. Interestingly, TNF-α levels declined across disease stages, possibly reflecting subclinical inflammation in Ecuadorian NDC with high rates of obesity and dyslipidemia. PBMC-derived miR-146a was upregulated in T2D patients, contrasting with prior serum-based studies and emphasizing the importance of compartment-specific analysis. miR-155 was elevated in C-T2D, suggesting a compensatory immune-regulatory mechanism that diminishes with poor glycemic control and advanced disease. Inflammatory cytokines, adipokines, and microRNAs act in distinct yet complementary ways in T2D. Leptin, IL-6, and IL-8 emerge as strong predictors of disease, while miR-146a and miR-155 provide additional insight into immune-inflammatory regulation. Integrated biomarker panels may enhance patient stratification and support personalized monitoring of T2D progression.

PÉREZ TASIGCHANA, RAÚL FRANCISCO

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