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Advances in green synthesis of nanoparticles for biomedical applications: Antimicrobial, antiviral, and cancer therapies
(Elsevier BV, 2026-03)
HESAM, KAMYAB
;
Elham Khalili
;
Tayebeh Khademi
;
Ali Yuzir
;
Mohammad Mahdi Taheri
Green synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) has garnered a considerable amount of attention lately due to its low production expenses, simplicity of manufacturing, safety, and environmental friendliness. It is a dependable method for creating a variety of nanostructures from fungal, plant, and bacterial extracts as well as hybrid materials, including metal salts. A viable and sustainable substitute for traditional synthesis methods is the green synthesis of NPs. According to recent research, NPs have very promising antiviral and antimicrobial capabilities. This article highlights the progress made in the green method for manufacturing NPs utilizing natural substances, including fruit juices, plant extracts, and other pertinent sources. A thorough understanding of these NPs' anticancer, antiviral, and antimicrobial abilities was presented. Numerous opportunities are presented by these NPs to combat potentially fatal viral and other antimicrobial diseases. This review provides readers with a grasp of the latest data and a variety of tactics for designing and developing advanced green nanomaterials using a more environmentally friendly approach. A summary is provided of the present difficulties, critical analysis, and prospects for the green synthesis of NPs as well as the potential for their innovative and successful investigation for biomedical applications.
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Emerging nanoparticle-based strategies for advanced cancer imaging and diagnosis
(Elsevier BV, 2025-10-15)
HESAM, KAMYAB
;
Elham Khalili
;
Ali Yuzir
;
Mohammad Mahdi Taheri
;
ZAMBRANO ESPINOSA, ANA KARINA
The urgent necessity for early disease diagnosis and detection continues to drive innovation in imaging techniques and contrast agents. Nanoparticle-based bioimaging offers significant potential to enhance therapeutics, treatment management, and cancer diagnostics. In both clinical practice and biomedical research, nanoparticles (NPs) can serve as labeled carriers or biomarkers for tracking immunotherapy responses, contrast-enhancing agents for improved imaging, or signal amplifiers to increase specificity and sensitivity in the visualization of cellular and molecular mechanisms in vivo. The development of advanced imaging probes with controlled biodistribution, heightened sensitivity, improved contrast, multifunctionality, and enhanced temporal and spatial resolution is made possible by the unique chemical, magnetic, and optical properties of nanomaterials. These probes are particularly beneficial, to multi-modal imaging techniques such as single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), positron emission tomography (PET), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasound (US). Finally, these characteristics contribute to clinical benefits, including personalized medicine, real-time monitoring of disease progression, AI-based design of nanoparticles (NPs) and earlier detection, addressing current limitations in oncologic imaging. This review highlights promising nanoparticle-based imaging strategies, including radiolabeled nanoparticles for dual/multimodal cancer imaging, bio-conjugated quantum dots (QDs) for in vivo and in vitro diagnosis and imaging, green-synthesized nanoparticles for cancer diagnostics, nanoparticle-enabled molecular imaging strategies for monitoring immunotherapy responses, MXene-based imaging systems, and nanoparticle-assisted image-guided therapies. Collectively, these imaging technologies present novel tools to resolve biological challenges, enhance the effectiveness of cancer treatments, and drive clinical translation, which ultimately improve patient outcomes and care.
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Bioactive nanoparticles derived from marine brown seaweeds and their biological applications: a review
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2024-06-10)
Juhi Puthukulangara Jaison
;
Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian
;
Jaya Gangwar
;
Manikantan Pappuswamy
;
Arun Meyyazhagan
The biosynthesis of novel nanoparticles with varied morphologies, which has good implications for their biological capabilities, has attracted increasing attention in the field of nanotechnology. Bioactive compounds present in the extract of fungi, bacteria, plants and algae are responsible for nanoparticle synthesis. In comparison to other biological resources, brown seaweeds can also be useful to convert metal ions to metal nanoparticles because of the presence of richer bioactive chemicals. Carbohydrates, proteins, polysaccharides, vitamins, enzymes, pigments, and secondary metabolites in brown seaweeds act as natural reducing, capping, and stabilizing agents in the nanoparticle’s synthesis. There are around 2000 species of seaweed that dominate marine resources, but only a few have been reported for nanoparticle synthesis. The presence of bioactive chemicals in the biosynthesized metal nanoparticles confers biological activity. The biosynthesized metal and non-metal nanoparticles from brown seaweeds possess different biological activities because of their different physiochemical properties. Compared with terrestrial resources, marine resources are not much explored for nanoparticle synthesis. To confirm their morphology, characterization methods are used, such as absorption spectrophotometer, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, and transmission electron microscopy. This review attempts to include the vital role of brown seaweed in the synthesis of metal and non-metal nanoparticles, as well as the method of synthesis and biological applications such as anticancer, antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and other functions. Graphical abstract: (Figure presented.).

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