Multifunctional silver nanoparticles-based composites for SERS detection and photocatalytic degradation of micro- and/or nano-plastics
Journal
Sustainable Materials and Technologies
ISSN
2214-9937
Date Issued
2026-04
Author(s)
Abstract
Micro- and/or nano-plastics (MNPs) pose an emerging environmental issue due to their widespread presence in aquatic habitats, persistence in the environment, and potential toxic effects on ecosystems and public health.
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are well-known not only as plasmonic materials but also as mediators of photocatalysis, which is one of the most promising tools for identifying and degrading MNPs. This review covers recent advances in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection and the photocatalytic degradation of common plastics (e.g., polystyrene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, etc.) using multifunctional AgNPs-based composites.
These SERS substrates can detect MNPs in contaminated environmental water with consistent signals and high sensitivity. Notably, upon irradiation, these composites produce reactive oxygen species, triggering chain reactions that break down polymer chains into new compounds.
Although AgNPs-based composites are stable, their photocatalytic efficiency is often limited by poor solar spectrum utilization, mass transfer resistance, and electron-hole recombination, leading to lower degradation rates and variable results. Some research highlights the ongoing need to improve photocatalyst design, reactor setups, and assessment methods for degradation.
Additionally, the possible formation of toxic intermediates raises safety concerns, underscoring the need for further studies on ecotoxicological effects. When combined with other treatment methods, AgNPs-based SERS detection and photocatalysis provide a promising approach for addressing MNPs and other emerging pollutants in water treatment.
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are well-known not only as plasmonic materials but also as mediators of photocatalysis, which is one of the most promising tools for identifying and degrading MNPs. This review covers recent advances in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection and the photocatalytic degradation of common plastics (e.g., polystyrene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, etc.) using multifunctional AgNPs-based composites.
These SERS substrates can detect MNPs in contaminated environmental water with consistent signals and high sensitivity. Notably, upon irradiation, these composites produce reactive oxygen species, triggering chain reactions that break down polymer chains into new compounds.
Although AgNPs-based composites are stable, their photocatalytic efficiency is often limited by poor solar spectrum utilization, mass transfer resistance, and electron-hole recombination, leading to lower degradation rates and variable results. Some research highlights the ongoing need to improve photocatalyst design, reactor setups, and assessment methods for degradation.
Additionally, the possible formation of toxic intermediates raises safety concerns, underscoring the need for further studies on ecotoxicological effects. When combined with other treatment methods, AgNPs-based SERS detection and photocatalysis provide a promising approach for addressing MNPs and other emerging pollutants in water treatment.