Systematic analysis of the relationship between intestinal microbiota and neurological disorders: emerging perspective in neurogastroenterology

Jesus Alexander Cedeño Borrero; Jessica Valeria Medrano Aulestia; Arianna Cedeño Espinoza; Nathaly Marie Yepez Alcivar; Rommel Gustavo Vásconez Mora; Fanny Leonor Parrales Abarca

doi:10.51798/sijis.v5i2.758

Systematic analysis of the relationship between intestinal microbiota and neurological disorders: emerging perspective in neurogastroenterology

Journal

Sapienza: International Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies

ISSN

2675-9780

Date Issued

2024-04-25

Author(s)

Jesus Alexander Cedeño Borrero

Jessica Valeria Medrano Aulestia

Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo

Arianna Cedeño Espinoza

Nathaly Marie Yepez Alcivar

Rommel Gustavo Vásconez Mora

Fanny Leonor Parrales Abarca

DOI

10.51798/sijis.v5i2.758

URL

https://cris.ute.edu.ec/handle/123456789/161

Abstract

By the complex gut-brain axis, the gut microbiota (GM) has a critical role in neurological function. The complex link between several neurological illnesses and the gut microbiota (GM) is examined in this comprehensive study. Strong evidence has been found, based on a review of the literature from 2019 to 2024, connecting GM dysbiosis to the etiology and development of conditions such as epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, autism spectrum disorder, stroke, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). In these cases, GM changes increase disease severity, interfere with immune responses, and worsen neuroinflammation. In particular, dysbiosis affects the prevalence of autoimmune encephalomyelitis in MS and adds to motor impairment and gastrointestinal symptoms in PD. Via pro-inflammatory microorganisms, dysregulated GM in AD exacerbates neurodegeneration. Moreover, the gut-brain axis influences emotion, behavior, and cognition, all of which are impacted by the development of ASD. In epilepsy, GM dysbiosis affects inflammatory responses and seizure frequency; in ALS, it leads to neuroinflammation and motor neuron degeneration. Notwithstanding noteworthy discoveries, the dearth of randomized controlled trials presents obstacles, requiring more mechanistic clarification and investigation of microbiota-targeted treatments for neurological disorders.