SARS-CoV-2 vaccines strategies: a comprehensive review of phase 3 candidates

Nikolaos C. Kyriakidis; Andrés López-Cortés; Eduardo Vásconez González; Alejandra Barreto Grimaldos; Esteban Ortiz Prado

doi:10.1038/s41541-021-00292-w

SARS-CoV-2 vaccines strategies: a comprehensive review of phase 3 candidates

Journal

npj Vaccines

ISSN

2059-0105

Date Issued

2021-02-22

Author(s)

Nikolaos C. Kyriakidis

Andrés López-Cortés

Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo

Eduardo Vásconez González

Alejandra Barreto Grimaldos

Esteban Ortiz Prado

DOI

10.1038/s41541-021-00292-w

URL

https://cris.ute.edu.ec/handle/123456789/532

Abstract

AbstractThe new SARS-CoV-2 virus is an RNA virus that belongs to the Coronaviridae family and causes COVID-19 disease. The newly sequenced virus appears to originate in China and rapidly spread throughout the world, becoming a pandemic that, until January 5th, 2021, has caused more than 1,866,000 deaths. Hence, laboratories worldwide are developing an effective vaccine against this disease, which will be essential to reduce morbidity and mortality. Currently, there more than 64 vaccine candidates, most of them aiming to induce neutralizing antibodies against the spike protein (S). These antibodies will prevent uptake through the human ACE-2 receptor, thereby limiting viral entrance. Different vaccine platforms are being used for vaccine development, each one presenting several advantages and disadvantages. Thus far, thirteen vaccine candidates are being tested in Phase 3 clinical trials; therefore, it is closer to receiving approval or authorization for large-scale immunizations.