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    Biochar as a carrier for plant growth-promoting bacteria in phytoremediation of pesticides
    (Elsevier BV, 2025-05-01) ;
    Chelliapan, Shreeshivadasan
    ;
    Elham Khalili
    ;
    Rezania, Shahabaldin
    ;
    Balasubramanian, Balamuralikrishnan
    This review examines the role of biochar as a carrier for plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) in the phytoremediation process of pesticides. It begins by exploring the properties and performance of biochar, including its production processes and physical and chemical characteristics. The review then discusses the roles and mechanisms of PGPB, such as nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, and phytohormone production, emphasizing how these bacteria can enhance plant growth and tolerance to environmental stresses while aiding in pesticide degradation. The suitability of biochar as a carrier for PGPB is highlighted due to its porous structure, surface chemistry, and ability to create microbial habitats. The interactions between biochar, PGPB, and plants that can enhance phytoremediation efficiency are examined. The review additionally identifies the related challenges and limitations, suggesting areas for further research to develop practical applications. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the potential of biochar as a carrier for PGPB in improving phytoremediation outcomes, explicitly addressing the lack of prior reviews on this topic and highlighting broader implications for sustainable remediation.
    Scopus© Citations 52
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    Biomedical MXene-polymer nanocomposites: advancing photothermal therapy, antibacterial action, and smart drug delivery: a review
    (Elsevier BV, 2025-06)
    Ali Mohammad Amani
    ;
    Lobat Tayebi
    ;
    Ehsan Vafa
    ;
    Mohammad Javad Azizli
    ;
    Milad Abbasi
    MXenes are hydrophilic, conductive, tunable, and biocompatible two-dimensional ceramic materials prepared by etching the 'A' layer from their precursor MAX phases. Although MXenes show exceptional promise in photothermal therapy, biosensing, and regenerative medicine, they face challenges such as oxidative instability in physiological environments, limited drug-loading capacity, and unpredictable immune responses. To address these limitations, MXene/polymer nanocomposites incorporating both synthetic polymers (e.g., polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA)) and natural biopolymers (e.g., cellulose nanofiber, gelatin, chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and soybean phospholipids) have been developed. These composites enhance functionality for biomedical applications such as photothermal cancer therapy, biosensors, antibacterial agents, bone regeneration, and targeted drug delivery. The hydrophilic nature of MXenes makes them suitable for transformation into metallic-conductive electrodes, while their compatibility with metals, ceramics, and polymers improves performance in advanced applications. This review paper discusses the properties, synthesis methods, and biomedical applications of MXene/polymer nanocomposites, emphasizing the roles of both synthetic and natural biopolymers. Key achievements include near-infrared (NIR) absorption for efficient drug delivery, anticancer activity, bioimaging, and antimicrobial effects. In addition, the limitations of these nanocomposites and potential solutions are examined.
    Scopus© Citations 39
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    Item type:Publication,
    Beyond dietary therapy: addressing weight stigma awareness in medical students
    (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025-08-22)
    Giuseppe Annunziata
    ;
    Giordano Bruno Zonzini
    ;
    Evelyn Frias-Toral
    ;
    Raynier Zambrano-Villacres
    ;
    Alexander Bertuccioli
    Background The growing prevalence of obesity worldwide has drawn increased attention to the issue of weight stigma. Discriminatory attitudes related to body weight are evident across various settings, including those that should ideally offer support to individuals with obesity, such as schools and sports facilities. This research aimed to examine weight-related stigma among university students enrolled in healthcare-related academic programs. Methods To measure weight stigma, researchers administered the Italian version of the Attitude Toward Obese Persons (I-ATOP) questionnaire to 201 students from the University of Urbino (Italy) and the University of Malaga (Spain). The analysis explored variations in stigma levels based on gender, BMI classification, nationality, Italian regional location, level of academic education, medical history, and lifestyle factors. Results The participant pool was predominantly female (58.2%) and Spanish (66.7%), with an average age of 22.86 ± 3.08 years and a mean BMI of 22.80 ± 3.25 kg/m, placing most respondents in the normal weight range. Nearly half (47.8%) demonstrated a low degree of stigmatising attitudes. Within the sample, significantly lower stigma levels were reported among female and Spanish students (> = 0.001 and > = 0.011, respectively), as well as among those without a history of eating disorders (> = 0.017) and those who engaged in physical activity (> = 0.029). Additionally, stigma showed a notable decline in relation to higher educational attainment ConclusionThis pilot study reveals the presence of weight stigma even within healthcare education settings, where future health professionals are being trained. These findings underscore the urgent need for comprehensive educational strategies aimed at fostering inclusive and nonjudgmental attitudes toward individuals with obesity. Importantly, the assessment and management of weight stigma should extend beyond nutritional therapy alone, recognizing its psychological, social, and structural dimensions. Integrating this broader perspective into healthcare curricula is thus essential to improve the quality of care for individuals living with one of the most prevalent and complex chronic conditions.
    Scopus© Citations 3