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The effect of La and Ce on the microstructure and properties of cast Al Si alloys with high thermal conductivity
(Elsevier BV, 2026-04)
Fubiao Ge
;
Yezeng He
;
Xuping Zhang
;
Reza Behmadi
;
Siyi Sun
The study focused on the impacts of lanthanum and cerium on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and thermal conductivity of Al-6 wt%Si-0.5 wt%Cu-0.6 wt%Fe alloys. Accordingly, it was determined that the synergistic addition of La and Ce significantly refined the alloy structure. In Al-6Si-0.6Fe-0.5Cu-0.3(La + Ce), the SDAS decreased to 13.1 μm and eutectic Si transformed from coarse plates into fine particles; the size and aspect ratio of Si were reduced by 90.13% and 81.48%, respectively. Meanwhile, the length of Fe-rich phases was shortened by 57.51%. Consequently, the alloy exhibited enhanced properties compared with the rare earth-free alloy, such as thermal conductivity up to 159.68 W/(m·K), ultimate tensile strength of 231.3 MPa, and elongation up to 6.89%, corresponding to enhancements of 13.79%, 24.96%, and 118.73%, respectively. The alloy prepared by high-pressure die casting exhibits excellent properties, with thermal conductivity reaching 175.58 W/(m·K), tensile strength of 240.6 MPa, and elongation after fracture of 7.62%. Furthermore, largescale fully formed LED lamp heat sinks have been successfully prepared from this alloy using HPDC; in this way, its engineering applicability has been confirmed. These enhancements are ascribed to eutectic Si refinement, which reduces electron scattering, and rare-earth enrichment at Fe-rich phase interfaces, suppressing their growth and strengthening the matrix. The findings provide an insight into the key mechanism of the rare earth synergy in enhancement of thermo-mechanical properties in AlSi alloys, opening a new way in material design for effective thermal management applications.
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Enhancing clayey soil performance with lime and waste rubber tyre powder: Mechanical, microstructural, and statistical analysis
(Elsevier BV, 2024-09)
Moinul Haq
;
Mehboob Anwer Khan
;
Shahab Ali
;
Kausar Ali
;
Mohammad Yusuf
Nowadays, for soil stabilisation and cleaner production of geo-composites, the possibility of utilizing waste rubber is in vogue. The present paper deals with experimentally investigating the mechanical and micro-structural characteristics of weak Indian clayey soil partially substituted with lime (0–3.5%) and waste rubber tyre powder (0–15%). It was observed that, with increasing lime and rubber powder content, the plasticity index of the soil decreases. The shear strength and compaction testing results reveal that adding lime and rubber tyre powder (RTP) enhances the geotechnical performance of clayey soil up to an optimum dosage value. Also, the tri-axial shear testing was performed to obtain stress-strain curves for all considered soil mixes. For modified clayey soil containing 3% lime and 12.5% rubber powder, the cohesion values and bearing capacities improved phenomenally by 36.1% and 88.6% respectively, when compared to clayey soil. Further for this mix, SEM analysis reveals a compacted microstructure which improves dry-density and California's bearing ratio among all modified mixes. The novel co-relations upon regression analysis are found able to predict plasticity index, dry density, bearing capacity and shear strength with higher confidence levels. Overall, the cost-benefit analysis worked out to obtain the optimum cost of construction of footings and flexible pavement shows cost deductions up to 19% and 39% respectively while utilizing modified clay soil mixes containing 3% lime and 12.5% rubber powder in subgrade, ultimately making production stronger, cheaper and environment friendly.

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