Domenica Monserrath Robayo PovedaMaría José Tuaza ManobandaEmily Valentina Pérez SolisAngelys Milena Villón AndradeJonathan Alexander Toasa CaisatoaJIMENEZ DURAN, DORIS JEANNETHDORIS JEANNETHJIMENEZ DURANViviana Maribel Aguirre MoraDanny Paul Miño PasquelMarcia Margoth Ayuquina LaguaKaren Daniela Ganán López2025-07-212025-07-212025-01-21https://doi.org/10.56294/saludcyt20251284Introduction: Obesity is an important risk factor for several types of cancer due to mechanisms such as chronic inflammation and metabolic dysfunctions. In Latin America and Ecuador, obesity affects a large sector of the population, including children, which increases the relevance of preventive measures that promote adequate body composition and healthy eating habits. Objective: To analyze the relationship between obesity, body composition and the risk of cancer, in addition to analyzing how nutritional and physical activity strategies can influence its prevention. Materials and Methods: A narrative review was carried out based on 20 scientific articles extracted from databases such as Scielo, PubMed and Google Scholar, published between 2020 and 2024. Studies on obesity and cancer risk were included, excluding those that did not address this relationship. directly. Results: Excess weight increases the risk of cancer in organs such as the esophagus, liver and breast. Diets such as the Mediterranean diet, rich in antioxidants, reduce this risk, while the consumption of processed meats and alcohol increases it. Discussion: Structured physical activity and personalized nutritional interventions are effective in improving body composition and reducing the incidence of cancer. Conclusion: It is crucial to promote healthy lifestyle habits, combining a balanced diet with physical exercise, to prevent cancer and improve quality of life.enBody CompositionDiet and CancerObesitytext::journal::journal article